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Norman Manea (born July 19, 1936) is a Jewish Romanian writer and author of short fiction, novels, and essays about the Holocaust, daily life in a communist state, and exile. He lives in the United States, where he is the Francis Flournoy Professor of European Culture and writer in residence at Bard College. He left Romania in 1986 with a DAAD-Berlin Grant and in 1988 went to the US with a Fulbright Scholarship at the Catholic University in Washington DC. Manea's most acclaimed book, ''The Hooligan's Return'' (2003), is an original novelistic memoir, encompassing a period of almost 80 years, from the pre-war period, through the Second World War, the communist and post-communist years to the present. Manea has been known and praised as an international important writer since the early 1990s, and his works have been translated into more than 20 languages.〔Manea's books have been reviewed in the American, British, French, Romanian, Italian, Spanish, German press. They can be found in New York Times, New York Times Book Review, New Republic, New York Review of Books, Los Angeles Times, San Francisco Chronicle (USA); Times Literary Supplement (UK); Le Monde, Figaro, Lire (France); El Pais, La Vanguardia (Spain); Stampa, La Repubblica, Corriere della Sera, 24 (Italy); FAZ, Die Welt, Süddeutsche Zeitung (Germany) etc. Essential references are to be found in: ''Neues Literatur Lexicon'' (1990, Germany), ''Literary Exile in the Twentieth Century: An Analysis and Biographical Dictionary'' (1991, USA), ''Contemporary Authors'' (Gale Group, 1995, 2008, USA), ''Who’s Who in America'' (Marquis, 1995–2010, USA), ''Dictionarul Esential al Scriitorilor Romani'' (2001, Romania), ''Dictionarul Analitic de Opere Literare'' (2001, Romania), ''Dictionarul Scriitorilor Romani'' (2001, Romania), ''Dictionary of Literary Biography'', ''Twentieth Century Eastern European Writers'', 2001, USA), ''Slovnik Rumunskych Spisovatelu'' (2001, Czech Republic), ''Enciclopedia Exilului Romanesc'' (2003, Romania), ''Dictionar Cronologic al Romanului Romanesc'' (2004, Romania), ''Dictionarul de literatura al Academiei Romane'' (2005, Romania), ''Enciclopedia della Letteratura'' (2008, Italy). See also ''The Obsession of Uncertainty : In Honorem Norman Manea, Polirom 2011 (Magris, Tabucchi, Roth, Molina, Aridjis, Krüger etc.).〕 He has received more than 20 awards and honors. ==Early years== Born in the Burdujeni neighborhood of Suceava (Bukovina, Romania), Manea was deported as a child, in 1941, by the Romanian fascist authorities, allied with Nazi Germany, to a concentration camp in Transnistria, together with his family. He returned to Romania in 1945 with the surviving members of his family and graduated with high honors from the high school (liceu) Stefan cel Mare in his home town, Suceava. He studied engineering at the Construction Institute in Bucharest and graduated with master's degree in hydro-technique in 1959, working afterwards in planning, fieldwork and research. He has devoted himself to writing since 1974. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Norman Manea」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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